SMAD1 and myeloid sarcoma: Three genes were discovered based on our selected conditions, including a well-documented component of TGF-β signaling, the SMAD1. Particularly, other molecules were thought to drive the pathology of MS through regulating the TGF-β pathway by targeting SMAD1. Homeobox A5 (HOXA5) is reported to encode a protein that binds to SMAD1.