TGFB1 and myeloid sarcoma: On the other hand, compared with the entire cyan module genes, the putative mRNA targets in the ceRNA network were clustered in different functional categories, which were proverbial in MS, such as “BMP signaling pathway,” “SMAD binding,” “TGF-β signaling pathway,” and “axon guidance.” BMP and TGF-β are both crucial cytokines of the immune system with similar receptors and messengers.