TGFB1 and neoplasm: C3 is related to several well-known oncogenic signaling pathways, including HIPPO, TGFB, RTKRAS, and angiogenesis, and is affected by several pathways related to abnormal tumor metabolism (Chiang et al., 2016; Viallard and Larrivée, 2017; Panciera et al., 2020; Park et al., 2020).