One mechanism involved in this positive anti-cancer drug interaction is SHetA2 upregulation of CAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Homologous Protein (CHOP), which leads to increased cell surface expression of the TNFα and TRAIL Death Receptors (DR4 and DR5) (Lin et al., 2008a; Chengedza and Benbrook, 2010). The gene discussed is DDIT3; the disease is cancer.