CCL5 and infection: CCL5 (chemokine ligand 5) and CXCL10 (CXC motif chemokine ligand 10) are chemokines responsible for facilitating inflammatory responses, including the adhesion and migration of different T cell subsets in immune responses, and are involved in various pathological processes including inflammation, chronic diseases, and cancers as well as the infection of COVID-19 (41, 42).