TNF and Sepsis: In the early stage of sepsis, some corresponding interventions are effective in alleviating the uncontrolled hyper-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6 IL-18, and TNF-α, etc.)and immune (CD3+CD4+ cells and CD3+CD8+ cells, etc.)responses associated with altering the BBB and amplifying the inflammatory responses of SAE (116, 156–158).