TGFB1 and cancer: CAFs, indeed, can enhance the invasive properties of cancer cells releasing several tumor-promoting growth factors and chemokines (for example, TGF-β, HGF, FGF1, and FGF2) and also molecules (like VEGF) that strongly induce angiogenesis, further supporting proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of cancer cells (29, 33, 35, 39–41).