Functional, biochemical, and clinical studies established that NGFR dramatically enhanced migration and invasion of genetically distinct glioma cells in vitro and in vivo and frequently exhibited robust expression in highly invasive glioblastoma patient specimens. In lower-grade glioma, however, NGFR has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and survival (40, 41). The gene discussed is NGFR; the disease is central nervous system cancer.