CD4 and inflammatory bowel disease: Ohno and his team assessed the therapeutic effects of nanoparticle curcumin on the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and showed that nanoparticle curcumin could attenuate body weight loss, disease activity index, histological colitis score and improve mucosal permeability in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model, accompanied by increased expansion of CD4+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells [116].