Another group constructed gold nanoparticles containing the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligand 2-(1′H-indole-3′-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE), and the β cell antigen proinsulin (NPITE+Ins) to treat NOD mice [110] and the spontaneous development of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) was suppressed. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.