Since the level of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) is increased in the plasma/serum of patients with kidney failure and CKD mice (34, 35, 36), and it also mediates EndMT (18), we further examined whether JMJD3 was involved in the process of TGFβ1-induced EndMT. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and kidney failure.