Imatinib treatment in cancer patients suffering from chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), and other types of cancers106,107, has been linked to increased bacterial infection, such as P. aeruginosa108–112, suggesting that increased vulnerability to infection in these patient cohorts could be due to dampened NLRC4 inflammasome activity. Here, NLRC4 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.