SPP1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Although the specific and elaborate mechanisms involved in the anti-NAFLD effects of AO extract still remain to be studied in another NASH model or in rodent models fed high-fructose alone for enhanced evidence of efficacy, we suggest that adiponectin-AMPK, together with FXR-OPN-FAK/AKT regulation in hepatocytes, might be involved in the disease’s underlying signaling pathways.