SIRT1 and chronic kidney disease: Knocking down SIRT1 in models of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), a model of CKD, significantly reduced oxidative stress resistance due to decreased expression of antioxidant enzymes, specifically cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which led to increased fibrosis and apoptosis rates in the renal medulla, suggesting that SIRT1 plays a relevant role in the protection of kidney cells against oxidative stress [6,129].