Studies have shown that central obesity/VAT is related to dysregulated adipokine secretion, with increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), angiotensinogen, and interleukin 6 (IL-6). This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and Abdominal obesity.