Detectable baseline HIV viral load was associated with a 3·69-fold (95%CI 1·04–13·10, p = 0·043) increased hazard of progression to incident TB, while higher CD4 cell count (per 50 cell/mm3 increase, hazard ratio [HR] 0·86, 95%CI 0·78–0·95, p = 0·003) and BMI (per kg/m2, HR 0·89, 95%CI 0·81–0·97; p = 0·007) were associated with lower risk of progression in the univariable Cox proportional hazards analyses (Table 2). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.