Anemia is defined as a condition in which the absolute number of circulating red blood cells is reduced or the red blood cells along with their oxygen-carrying capacity are insufficient to meet physiological needs [1]. While anemia is typically diagnosed as low hemoglobin (Hb) or low hematocrit concentrations [2], it can also be diagnosed based on changes in blood reticulocyte count, mean corpuscular volume, blood film analysis, or Hb electrophoresis [3]. The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is anemia.