Interestingly, germline EGFR T790M mutation was identified in only 1 of 5675 (0.02%) Chinese lung cancer patients carrying somatic EGFR mutations, much lower than 1–4% in EGFR-mutant Caucasian lung cancer patients33,34 further highlighting the potential ethnic and etiologic differences between Chinese and western patient populations. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung cancer.