Maternal BDNF blood concentrations were significantly higher in AF specimens of group B (median (IQR) 317.8 (537.1) pg/ml vs. 705.8 (759.2) pg/ml; p<0.001; “Fig 1”, with a significant correlation between maternal blood BDNF concentrations and AF-BDNF/AF-TP ratio (r = 0.35, p = 0.0001). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is atrial fibrillation.