Epidemiological and functional studies have reported that ALDH2 Glu487Lys gene polymorphism and the alterations of its enzyme activity not only are related to adverse reactions to alcohol after drinking, such as severe facial flushing, nausea, headache, and tachycardia, but also play important roles in cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs), cancer, NDDs, osteoporosis and drug toxicity (Table 2, Figure 3) [109,110]. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH2 and cancer.