DDIT3 and Miyoshi myopathy: In the present study, we showed that α-T3E increased the mRNA levels of BIP, CHOP, sXBP1, and GADD34, as well as the protein levels of BIP, CHOP, and IRE1α in MM cells, indicating that α-T3E induced ER stress in MM cells via the effective inhibition of proteasome functions.