INS and Insulin resistance: It was previously reported that IL-6, a proinflammatory cytokine, leads to the development of insulin resistance and T2DM via the involvement of various pathways: induces the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS-3), which inhibits insulin signaling, and participates in the JAK/STAT transcription pathways and the STAT3 phosphorylation tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and -2.