Noteworthy, miRNAs have been associated with the post-transcriptional regulation of genes that lead to proliferation, migration, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, CCL2/monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), CCL12/stromal cell derived factor 1, and IL-1β in SMCs, PAECs and fibroblasts in PAH [40,41,42]. Here, CCL2 is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.