Clinical studies have shown that the PD-1/PD-L1 blockade significantly enhances antitumor effects in various tumors, including melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer [7,8,9,10,11,12]. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.