SMAD3 and Bloom syndrome: Yangyin Yiqi, ixture (YYYQ) treatment at medium and high doses significantly reduced TGF-β1, CTGF, and hydroxyproline levels and the mRNA expression of TGF-β1, TβRI, TβRII, Smad3, α-SMA, laminin, and collagen I. In comparison, YYYQ induced the expression of Smad7 and E-cadherin in the BLM group and the prednisolone-treated BLM group.