In addition, changes in the saliva FRAS, uric acid, and AOPP levels and serum ratio of AOPP/albumin from horses with gastric ulcers in the glandular mucosa, and in the serum FRAP, CUPRAC, uric acid levels, and the ratio of AOPP/albumin from horses suffering from CIE, were observed. Here, ALB is linked to gastric ulcer.