TNF and cancer: The following ones were highlighted: nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, pathways related to cytokine intracellular signaling such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, insulin resistance, breast cancer, central carbon metabolism in cancer, HIF-1α, and the interaction between advance glycation end products (AGE)- and their receptors (RAGE).