Several studies suggest that Shank3 deletions and duplications are both linked to ASD and schizophrenia, suggesting that opposite changes in Shank3 levels produce similar or overlapping psychiatric phenotypes (Bonaglia et al., 2006; Durand et al., 2007; Failla et al., 2007; Gauthier et al., 2010; Han et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene SHANK3 and schizophrenia.