However, MA significantly lowered levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) but significantly increased the nuclear levels of Nrf2, protein levels of Bcl2, and total levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in the retinas of the control and T1DM rats. The gene discussed is BCL2; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.