Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2B, MAP2, an early and sensitive marker for neuronal damage, presented significantly decreased fluorescent intensity and increased dispersion in the AD animals compared to WT (Intensity-cortex: P = 0.00826; Intensity-Hippocampus: P = 0.04826; Dispersion-cortex: P < 0.001; Dispersion-Hippocampus: P = 0.00013) and PMB-treated AD animals (Intensity-cortex: P = 0.0138; Intensity-Hippocampus: P = 0.0297; Dispersion-cortex: P = 0.0016; Dispersion-Hippocampus: P = 0.0023), suggesting PBM treatment significantly alleviated neuronal injury in AD rats. Here, MAP2 is linked to Alzheimer disease.