TP53 and colorectal carcinoma: In vitro studies using human CRC cells (HT-29) confirmed that both bLf and LfcinBs increase the expression of caspase-8, p53, and p21, critical proteins involved in tumor suppression, providing valuable information on the potential clinical applications of bLf and LfcinB in CRC therapy (Jiang and Lonnerdal, 2017).