In this context, autoantibodies such as ACE2-aab, AGTR2-aab, BDKRB1-aab, CXCR3-aab, MAS1-aab, CHRM5-aab, NRP1-aab, F2R-aab, STAB1-aab appeared to play a major role in stratifying COVID-19 by disease burden. Here, ACE2 is linked to COVID-19.