As a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine, elevated IL-18 levels were already observed in many low-grade inflammatory conditions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome (14,15), prediabetes (16), type 2 diabetes, latent autoimmune diabetes of the adults (LADA) (17), hypertension (18), and dyslipidemia (19). The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.