When all participants were taken into account (n = 88), IL-18 levels were higher in overweight/obese women (n = 50) compared to normal-weight women (n = 38) (300.8 [211.4; 357] vs. 177.5 [114.5; 210.9], p < 0.001) and in both groups separately – control group (313.5 [199.6; 461.6] vs. 202.5 [132.3; 249.8], p = 0.01) and PCOS group (295.4 [223.1; 344.3] vs. 135 [112.3; 192.3], p < 0.001) (Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and polycystic ovary syndrome.