RT-qPCR (Figure 5E), flow cytometry (Figure 5F), and ELISA (Figure 5G) presented that levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the macrophages, positive rate of CD86+ and CD11b+, and levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the supernatant increased in macrophages transduced with NAFLD-EVs in comparison to EVs from the plasma of healthy individuals. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.