A diagnosis of MEN1 may be established in an individual by one of three criteria: on the basis of the occurrence of two or more primary MEN1-associated endocrine tumors (i.e. parathyroid adenoma, enteropancreatic tumor, and pituitary adenoma); the occurrence of one of the MEN1-associated tumors in a first-degree relative of a patient with a clinical diagnosis of MEN; and identification of a germline MEN1 mutation in an individual, even if they are asymptomatic and have not yet developed serum biochemical or radiological abnormalities indicative of tumor development [1]. This evidence concerns the gene MEN1 and neoplasm.