INS and diabetes mellitus: Vine tea and its main functional component DHM were used to treat obesity model rats (10–500 mg/kg/day for 6–24 weeks) and diabetes model rats (30–500 mg/kg/day for 2–16 weeks) and inflammatory model mice (57.5–500 mg/kg/day for 1–120 days), as shown in Table 2, mainly through the targeting redox signaling pathways, such as Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, NF-κB inflammatory pathway, PI3K/IRS2/AKT insulin resistance pathway, and AMPK-PGC1α-SIRT1, SIRT3 energy metabolism related pathway.