VEGFA and diabetic macular edema: Recently, large randomized controlled clinical trials have shown that intravitreous injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents such as bevacizumab (BVB) (3), ranibizumab (4, 5), and aflibercept (6, 7) were efficient for diabetic macular edema (DME) with improved visual results than laser photocoagulation, which was the previous standard treatment for DME.