In addition, MSCs also reprogram toward CSCs, due to the aberrant changes of tumor microenvironments, which leads to the tumor development through the increased production of Oct4, Sox2, Nanog and the activation of Hedgehog, Wnt, Akt/mTOR, and NF-kB signaling pathways (31, 109–112). Here, NFKB1 is linked to neoplasm.