ALB and diabetes mellitus: On the basis of the results of the univariate analyses, sex, age, height, weight, preoperative albumin, history of diabetes and hypertension, usage of VATS, duration of surgery, usage of spreader, duration of using spreader, dosage of sufentanil, and intraoperative blood loss were included in an initial cumulative logit model to identify the independent influencing factors of the intensity of CPTP (intensity order, NRS, 0 ⟶ 1–3 ⟶ 4-).