Furthermore, in isolated left kidney with the addition of acetylcholine and 5′-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine from a Wistar rat endotoxemia model induced by LPS, nicotine (2 mg/kg, i.p.)offset the LPS facilitation of renal vasodilation and inflammation through the HSP70/TNFα/iNOS signaling pathway via α7- and α4β2-type nAChRs (127). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is serum lipopolysaccharide activity.