In addition to B cell depletion therapy, attempts to reduce B cell survival and modulate B cell function have been trialed in MS by inhibiting the activity of BAFF/APRIL using Atacicept, a soluble TACI receptor that binds both BAFF and APRIL and appears effective in reducing pathology in other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (22). Here, TNFSF13 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.