Dysregulated immunity appears to be an important mechanism driving disease development and thus holds great potential for novel therapeutic approaches, especially considering the recent success of targeted anti-inflammatory therapies in autoimmune diseases like anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) therapy with infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis (Lipsky et al., 2000) or even approaches of anti-inflammatory therapy in atherosclerotic disease targeting interlukin-1β (Ridker et al., 2017). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.