IL6 and congenital rubella syndrome: However, the pleiotropic effects of IL-6 pathways on the immune system, both the uncontrolled innate responses (neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells), and the impaired inquired immune responses (B and T cells) have been attributed mainly to the cis-signaling pathway being the most responsible of the described SARS-CoV-2-related cytokine release syndrome (CRS) (Moore and June 2020a).