Aldh1l1 and GFAP were increased in AD, but in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), only an Aldh1l1 increase was detected (Garcia-Esparcia et al., 2018), highlighting different pathological mechanisms between the 2 most commons types of dementia (rather than a common mechanism) with a different astrocytic contribution. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1L1 and dementia.