Based on this information, we measured the expression of AKT, p-AKT, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, JNK and p-JNK in the heart and found that PAE inhibited the ERK1/2/JNK signalling pathway, suggesting that inhibition of the ERK1/2/JNK signalling pathway may be a key mechanism for PAE against fibrosis and alleviate TAC-induced HF. Here, MAPK8 is linked to hydrops fetalis.