SQSTM1 and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Several studies have shown that autophagy is impaired in muscles of dko/mdx mice and in DMD patients,33, 34 evidenced by reduced expression of the autophagy marker MAP 1LC3B/LC3B (microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta) and increased accumulation of the protein SQSTM1/p62.