Immunohistochemical staining with validated anti-ULK1 R170me2s or anti-ULK1 pT180 antibody (Supplementary Fig. 6j, k) revealed that ULK1 R170K mutation abolished ULK1 R170me2s, and reduced the phosphorylation of ULK1 T180, Atg13 S355, and Beclin 1 S15 in the tumor samples derived from the mice in normoxia condition (Supplementary Fig. 6l). Here, ATG13 is linked to neoplasm.