(4) The dual role of pyroptosis also affects the immunotherapeutic efficacy in several cancers, including bladder cancer, urothelial carcinoma, and non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer, and (5) six pyroptosis genes (AIM2, CASP3, CASP4, NLRC4, NLRP6, and TNF) are closely correlated with drug sensitivity across cancers and may be considered therapeutic targets in cancer. This evidence concerns the gene CASP4 and non-small cell squamous lung carcinoma.