Notably, the co-activation of NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 observed in this study may drive the perpetuation of the proinflammatory microenvironment and CeNP-PEG treatment markedly suppressed consistent co-activation of the NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 pathways, which ameliorate the inflammatory microenvironment in IBD. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.