In this randomized clinical trial of 2050 patients of African ancestry with hypertension without chronic kidney disease in which genetic testing results were disclosed to patients and clinicians, patients with high-risk APOL1 genotypes had greater improvement in blood pressure from baseline and more lifestyle changes (better dietary and exercise habits) compared with patients with low-risk APOL1 genotypes or waiting list control patients. Here, APOL1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.