We found that treatment with Hp significantly improved the neurological deficit and motor dysfunction after cerebral ischemia by inhibiting systemic elevation of HMGB1, indicating that HMGB1 is a therapeutic target for the neuroinflammatory stage after cerebral ischemia and that Hp ameliorates ischemic brain damage by inhibiting systemic elevation of HMGB1. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and Cerebral ischemia.