Liu, J et al. (28) reported that endoplasmic reticulum stress led to the release of exosomal miR-23a-3p from hepatocellular carcinoma cells and upregulated PD-L1 expression in macrophages, which in turn suppressed T-cell function via the exosomal miR-23a-PTEN-AKT pathway. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and hepatocellular carcinoma.